Critical minerals, especially lithium, are becoming a central theme in the India-Argentina relationship. What concrete steps are being taken to advance collaboration in this sector?

As I mentioned, there are significant investments from Indian companies like KABIL, particularly in the Catamarca province. Argentina is part of the “lithium triangle,” a region rich in lithium reserves. This mineral is essential for India’s development of electric vehicles. Argentina offers security of supply, allowing India to diversify its sources of critical minerals.

Could you elaborate on how India’s growing demand for clean energy and Argentina’s vast natural resources can be synergized for mutual benefit?

India is the world’s most populous nation and one of its fastest-growing economies. Some say it’s now the fourth largest and may soon be the third. This growth brings enormous energy demand. Argentina, with its energy reserves, is well positioned to meet that demand.

India already imports energy from the Gulf, Russia, and other countries. Adding Argentina as a supplier would strengthen India’s energy security. What sets Argentina apart is that we are located in a region far removed from current geopolitical tensions. South America has no nuclear weapons and no major geopolitical conflicts. We provide energy and food without the volatility associated with other regions. That’s a significant asset.

With both countries focusing on innovation and technology, are there any initiatives planned to foster start-up exchanges or tech transfer?

Yes, Prime Minister Modi was supportive of such cooperation. During discussions with President Milei, he noted that India is among the top three countries globally in terms of startups. There are proposals on the table, and we expect more concrete initiatives in this area going forward.

Tourism and cultural diplomacy are vital for people-to-people ties. Are there any upcoming projects or events aimed at enhancing cultural engagement?

While our countries are geographically distant and culturally different, we can still boost tourism cooperation. We want more Argentines to visit India and more Indians to travel to Argentina. Improved air connectivity is essential. Many Latin American embassies are hoping an Indian airline will restart flights to Madrid, which would greatly improve access since all our capitals are well connected to Madrid.

How do you assess the progress made in defense and space cooperation? What new avenues could be explored?

In defense, an agreement is in the final stages. We’ve seen some practical exchanges—Argentine troops have trained in the Himalayas, and Indian troops have trained at Aconcagua in the Andes. Some members of our armed forces have come to India for courses and training.

As for space cooperation, there are discussions about joint projects. These are still in the development phase, but the intent is strong.

What is your personal vision for the India-Argentina relationship over the next decade?

I believe the relationship is growing steadily. We’ve reached $5 billion in economic links, and as India’s global influence increases, so does the depth of our bilateral ties. Argentina is undergoing economic reforms similar to those India implemented in the early 1990s. These reforms will help us play a larger role regionally and globally.

India is growing at a remarkable pace—6 to 8% annually—and I believe the partnership will continue to grow in line with India’s expanding global role.

Finally, what role can publications like India Empire play in strengthening India-Argentina ties?

You play a crucial role by informing people and raising awareness about developments in bilateral relations.